In recognition of International Women’s Day (IWD), Elsevier, a global leader in information analytics specializing in science and health, has launched a free access special issue of curated content focused on women and gender issues in health and sciences.
Consisting of journal articles and book chapters supporting the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this free resource is intended to further new research and to raise awareness around this year’s theme for International Women’s Day: #ChoosetoChallenge, as well as the UN’s focus for IWD this year: Women in leadership: Achieving an equal future in a COVID-19 world.
Elsevier, Clinical Imaging, Volume 74, June 2021
What is Imposter Syndrome, whom does it affect, and when, and why is it important to recognize? In this multidisciplinary article, the phenomenon is defined and discussed by a psychiatrist, followed by strategic advice by a radiologist, interventional radiologist and radiation oncologist.
Elsevier, Leadership Quarterly, Volume 31, December 2020
Managerial oversight is strengthened and firms' strategic performance improved when boards are gender-diverse. Yet the rate of women's appointment to corporate boards is decelerating. This study proposes an explanation for the unexpected attenuation rooted in social movement dynamics, particularly cross-movement influences originating from the contemporary governance reform movement. Seeking to alleviate managerialist tendencies, the governance reform movement has compelled major changes to board structure, composition, and activity, as well as the broader logic surrounding corporate boards.
Elsevier, Leadership Quarterly, Volume 30, December 2019
It is a well-documented phenomenon that a group's gender composition can impact group performance. Understanding why and how this phenomenon happens is a prominent puzzle in the literature. To shed light on this puzzle, we propose and experimentally test one novel theory: through the salience of gender stereotype, a group's gender composition affects a person's willingness to lead a group, thereby impacting the group's overall performance.
Elsevier, Computers and Security, Volume 99, December 2020
With regard to computer abuse, the term "malicious insider" tends to be associated with male employees, likely because men commit more crimes relative to women. We draw on the chivalry hypothesis to inform our study and explore whether managers demonstrate gender bias in decision-making regarding insider threats posed by subordinate employees. We recruited managers as participants in our study and randomly assigned them to an "employee gender" condition, wherein half the participants read a scenario with a female offender and half the participants read a scenario with a male offender.
Elsevier, Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology, Volume 50, 1 March 2021
Women now comprise half of medical students in Canada yet continue to be underrepresented in general radiology and its subspecialties. The underrepresentation of women in interventional radiology is even more profound. The literature has suggested various factors that might contribute to this gender disparity, including a lack of role models and mentors, exposure during early medical training, and decisions regarding work-life balance.
Elsevier, Annals of Anatomy, Volume 218, July 2018
Background: In Germany, currently two out of three medical students are female. Several studies corroborate that medical students show a significantly higher prevalence of stress-related mental disorders than the population in general. Aims: We aimed to evaluate, if gender has an influence on the distribution of mental stress parameters and learning style among male and female medical students.
Elsevier, Pulmonology, Volume 27, 1 July 2021
Objective: Smoking is an important causative factor of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and females are considered more susceptible to the effects of smoking than males. However, in previous Korean studies, the effects of sex differences on the association between smoking and COPD have been controversial. In this study, the effects of sex differences on the association between smoking and COPD and the effects of female hidden smokers on that association in Korean adults were investigated.
Elsevier, Nurse Education Today, Volume 97, February 2021
Background: Compared to cisgender peers, transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people experience significant health disparities associated with discrimination and limited access to appropriate care in healthcare settings. Nurses represent the largest segment of the United States (US) healthcare workforce; however, US nursing programs only dedicate approximately 2.12 h to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and TGD (LGBT)-related content.
Elsevier, Midwifery, Volume 93, February 2021
Objective: To explore and describe norms concerning maternity, femininity and cisgender in lesbian and bisexual women and transgender people (LBT) assigned female at birth, with an expressed fear of childbirth (FOC). Design: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with self-identified LBT people with an expressed FOC. Participants: 17 self-identified LBT people participated. 15 had an expressed FOC, and two were non-afraid partners. Findings: Participants described how their FOC was related to ideals of “the primal woman”, including ideals of a natural birth.
Elsevier, International Journal of Nursing Studies, Volume 93, May 2019
Aims and objectives/background: Nursing is a predominantly female profession. This is reflected in the demographic of nursing around the world. Some authors have noted that despite being a gendered profession men are still advantaged in terms of pay and opportunity. The aim of this study was to examine if the so called glass escalator in which men are advantaged in female professionals still exists.
Elsevier, Computer Law and Security Review, Volume 36, April 2020
With female names, voices and characters, artificially intelligent Virtual Personal Assistants such as Alexa, Cortana, and Siri appear to be decisively gendered female. Through an exploration of the various facets of gendering at play in the design of Siri, Alexa and Cortana, we argue that this gendering of VPAs as female may pose a societal harm, insofar as they reproduce normative assumptions about the role of women as submissive and secondary to men. In response, this article turns to examine the potential role and scope of data protection law as one possible solution to this problem.
Elsevier, European Management Journal, Volume 36, February 2018
In the last decade, the number of women on corporate boards has increased slightly, but the prevailing minority status of women directors implies that they will continue to face social barriers. While prior research has largely focused on explaining social barriers (e.g., being categorized as an out-group member) to increase diversity and its negative consequences, how boards can avoid these obstacles remains unclear.
Elsevier,
Jenkins et Al. Application of sex and gender health: A practical framework. In: Jenkins et al, How Sex and Gender Impact Clinical Practice, Academic Press, 2021, Pages 3-8.
This book chapter advances SDGs 3 and 5 by explaining that the use of a sex- and gender-based framework in the clinical practice of medicine will improve the care of both women and men, and likely have a positive impact on health outcomes.
Elsevier,
Three Facets of Public Health and Paths to Improvements: Behavior, Culture, and Environment, 2020, Pages 261-294
This book chapter advances SDG 5, 8 and 10 by explaining how the outsized role of women caregivers is attributed to historical, cultural, and social perspectives on gender and caregiving that perpetuate the gender inequalities in unpaid care work. In this chapter, the authors analyze women in unpaid work considering two regions: The United States and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).
Elsevier,
Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine (Third Edition), Academic Press, 2017, Pages 203-217.
This book chapter advances SDG 3 and 5 by describing how autism research and diagnostic practices have been challenged in terms of androcentric assumptions and biased assessment practices, suggesting that methods are insensitive to gender differences on the spectrum. It is now recognized that girls on the autism spectrum may present differently from boys and hence their identification and subsequent needs may go unrecognized.
Elsevier,
Sex Differences in Cardiac Diseases, Elsevier, 2021, Pages 481-503
This book chapter advances SDG 3 and 5 by explaining how women have an increased risk of certain chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorders (CIDs). All aspects of the heart’s structure and function may be affected by the autoimmune disease.
Elsevier,
Sex Differences in Cardiac Diseases, Elsevier, 2021, Pages 671-687
This book chapter addresses SDG 3 and 5 by describing specialized cardiovascular care for women, delivered in “women’s heart programs” (WHPs) focus on the cardiovascular needs of women. This chapter reviews the historical background leading to their development, their structure and specialized areas of focus including referral criteria for unique cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in women, and CVD disorders resulting in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) with pathophysiologies seen exclusively, and/or more commonly in women.
Elsevier,
Oliver et al., Practice improvement through a sex and gender high-value healthcare model, In: Jenkins et al, How Sex and Gender Impact Clinical Practice, Academic Press, 2021, Pages 309-323.
This book chapter advances SDGs 3 and 5 by explaining that there is evidence that healthcare cost distress affects women disproportionately, and that one way clinicians can help combat the epidemic of financial toxicity is through the practice of high-value care, an approach that aims to improve patient health and well-being by reducing the costs of care and/or by improving patient outcomes.
Elsevier,
The Psychology of Gender and Health: Conceptual and Applied Global Concerns, 2017, Pages 343-361
This chapter advances SDG 5 on gender equality by considering the origins of mainstreaming as a national policy initiative in England, describing the initiatives promoted and reflecting on both the progress that was made and its limitations.
Elsevier,
Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, Second Edition, 2011, Pages 550-558
This chapter content advances SDG 3 and 5 by explaining that there is a realistic concern about the impact of ionizing and nonionizing radiations on the health of children and their mothers. The magnitude and type of risks that are associated with radiation exposure to children and mothers must be determined to prevent the health consequences of such exposure.
Elsevier,
Encyclopedia of Environmental Health, Second Edition, 2019, Pages 108-110
This chapter content advances SDG 3 and 5 by explaining how diethylstilbestrol has been used in the past by obstetricians, gynecologists, and family physicians to treat pregnant women with the intent to prevent miscarriage, and the antimiscarriage use of this drug had side effects that became tragically clear soon after the commercialization showing the failure of adequate preclinical testing.
Elsevier,
Economic Effects of Natural Disasters, Theoretical Foundations, Methods, and Tools, 2021, Pages 77-95
This book chapter advances SDG 5 and 13 by unpacking the gendered nature of economic dimensions of climate change and identifing that climate change needs to be seen as a pervasive economic issue impacting men and women differently.
Elsevier,
Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Academic Press, 2019, Pages 41-59
The book chapter addresses SDG 5 by taking a comprehensive look into the often overlooked and underappreciated fundamental sex differences between men and women and how those differences affect the cardiovascular system.
Elsevier,
Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Academic Press, 2019, Pages 185-201
This book chapter addresses SDG 3 and 5 by reviewing the differences in awareness, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and management between men and women with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Elsevier,
Sex and Cardiac Electrophysiology, Academic Press, 2020, Pages 201-210
This book chapter addresses SDG 3 and 5 by explaining that there are substantial differences between female and male patients in physiology, pathology triggering factors, disease progression, clinical approaches and treatment outcome, providing a comprehensive examination and investigation into all aspects of sex differences in cardiac electrophysiology.
Elsevier,
Communicating as Women in STEM, Academic Press, 2018, Pages 23-40
This book chapter addresses SDG 5 and 8 by explaining the stereotype and stereotype threat that presents difficult challenges to women in STEM. This dual hazard impacts standardized testing as well as workplace acceptance and success.
Elsevier,
Communicating as Women in STEM, Academic Press, 2018, Pages 59-70
This book chapter addresses SDG 5 and 8 by showcasing how gendered communication styles affect workplace interactions and performance, and STEM fields, which are traditionally male-dominated, frequently exhibit masculine practices that limit women.
Elsevier,
The Psychology of Gender and Health: Conceptual and Applied Global Concerns, 2017, Pages 343-361
This chapter advances SDG 5 on gender equality by considering the origins of mainstreaming as a national policy initiative in England, describing the initiatives promoted and reflecting on both the progress that was made and its limitations.
Elsevier,
Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Volume 175, 2020, Pages 437-448
This ties into SDG 5 on gender equality by establishing a need for general recommendations and guidelines toward precision and sex/gender medicine, with regard to dosage, tolerability, interactions and side effects, sensitivity of diagnostic tests, and distinct treatment strategies.
Elsevier, Women's Studies International Forum, Volume 83, 1 November 2020
This paper provides a critical feminist analysis of seven policies relating to gender equality in the agriculture sector of Ethiopia. A review of 22 major documents that outline legislation and policy frame the feminist analysis. Despite the strong commitment of the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) toward gender equality and gender mainstreaming, many of the policies analyzed do not integrate gender equality as a priority for the growth and development of the country and do not adequately mainstream gender.
Elsevier, Women's Studies International Forum, Volume 82, September - October 2020
This study investigated the empowerment status of urban women in Pakistan using a multidimensional approach in Lahore – a metropolitan city. Analysis of survey data of 260 women revealed that around two-thirds of women were not empowered. Three dimensions of women's empowerment (WE) – control over resources, mobility and participation in household decision making are relatively weak. A significant proportion of women (49%) did not have control over spending of family savings. A majority of them (70-85%) neither had ownership rights of fixed property (i.e.
Elsevier, Tourism Management Perspectives, Volume 34, April 2020
Women represent a majority of the tourism workforce globally, yet they remain under-represented in management roles and over-represented in part-time/casual work and low paid jobs. Prior research suggests women in employment, generally, and in tourism employment, specifically, experience gender discrimination, labour market and workplace segregation, work/family conflict, and other barriers to their employment and career progression.
Elsevier, Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Volume 46, March 2021
Maternity leave policies can have a profound impact on working mothers’ well-being and career advancement. While U.S. maternity leave practices lag behind most developed countries, no study has looked into this issue in the lodging context, leaving an important research gap that needs to be addressed. This research note takes a mixed-methods approach to study maternity leave policies and practices in the U.S. lodging industry via both desk-top research and interviews with human resource managers and working mothers in the lodging industry.
Elsevier, International Journal of Hospitality Management, Volume 88, July 2020
The hospitality industry struggles with problems with staff motivation, commitment and retention, whilst also having an entrenched glass ceiling that limits career opportunities for many women. Mentoring is a useful function to support and develop staff, and may be particularly important for helping women overcome gendered barriers to progression. This paper reports on a year-long qualitative study of a women's mentoring programme in the hospitality industry in the UK.
Elsevier, Business Horizons, Volume 64, 1 January 2021
In this article, we describe how the black ceiling—upheld by the powerful institutional logics of patriarchy and white supremacy, inordinately challenging and interlocking systemic barriers to leadership advancement—leads to the dearth of Afro-Diasporic women in senior corporate leadership positions and pathologizes Afro-Diasporic women as multiple outsiders.
Elsevier, Human Resource Management Review, Volume 29, September 2019
We focus on how interpersonal characteristics should influence leader support for gender equity in organizations. Recognizing gender disparities in organizations and the “labyrinth” that women face when they advance in their careers (cf. Eagly & Carli, 2007), we develop a model for how interpersonal characteristics of leaders, both men and women, influence power construal and thus their use of empowerment, mentoring, and performance feedback, ultimately affecting career opportunities for women in organizations.
Elsevier, Leadership Quarterly, Volume 30, December 2019
Many factors have been proposed as potential causes for the underrepresentation of women in leadership positions. The present research leverages computational modeling and simulation to examine the impacts of external hiring and developmental opportunities, which may have consequences at different junctures in women's leadership labyrinth. Two agent-based simulations examined 1) the emergence of gender stratification in gender-balanced organizations and 2) the impact of reducing bias in external hiring and developmental opportunities in gender-stratified organizations.
Elsevier, Clinical Imaging, Volume 68, December 2020
The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically altered the professional and personal lives of radiologists and radiation oncologists. This article summarizes the 2020 American Association for Women in Radiology (AAWR) Women's Caucus at the American College of Radiology (ACR) Annual Meeting. The caucus focused on the major challenges that women in radiology have faced during the pandemic.
Elsevier, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Volume 139, September 2020
Although the last decades have seen an advance in equality and empowerment for women, there are still numerous challenges to be addressed. Among them, and particularly pressing in cities, are issues of gender-based violence, including sexual harassment in public spaces. Despite the numerous effects that street harassment has on women, and the high incidence of it in different countries, this issue has not been broadly studied, and even less so in cities in the Global South.
Elsevier, International Business Review, Volume 29, October 2020
This paper studies the role of gender equality in female directors’ efficacy and its subsequent effects on firms. Female directors in more gender equal societies should possess greater skills and exert more influence due to better access to educational/professional opportunities and more amicable boardroom dynamics. Therefore, we hypothesize that gender equality serves as an important moderator in the relation between female board representation and firm outcomes.
Elsevier, Women's Studies International Forum, Volume 79, March - April 2020
Objectives: Limited studies have investigated detailed insights into the experiences of women in transitioning countries such as Iran as active agents in their lives and their societies. This study explores how young Iranian women build and use their social capital to make a social change and improve their status. Methods: This study is the qualitative component of a larger mixed-method study exploring social capital and wellbeing in young Iranian women. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 17 young Iranian women aged 18–35.
Elsevier, Academic Radiology, Volume 29, March 2022
Rationale and Objectives: Our objectives were (1) to determine the extent to which gender discrimination and sexual harassment are experienced by female radiologists and trainees; (2) to examine whether experiencing harassment or discrimination influences perceptions of gender parity; and (3) to explore whether the existence of either formal institutional policies or the number of women in the workplace and/or in leadership positions influences perceptions of having achieved gender equity.
Elsevier, Advances in Radiation Oncology, Volume 5, 1 November 2020
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the current status of gender disparities in academic radiation oncology departments in the United States and the associated factors. Methods and Materials: The data were collected from publicly available resources, including websites of individual radiation oncology programs, the Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, and the Association of American Medical Colleges.
Elsevier, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, Volume 136, August 2021
Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether there are differences in the language used in grant applications submitted to a Southern Brazil Research Support Foundation (FAPERGS) according to the gender, career stage, and the number of publications of applicants. Study Design and Setting: This observational study also evaluated the relationship between gender, career stage, curriculum, and writing characteristics.
Elsevier, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Volume 60, January 2021
Introduction: Although vaccination coverage is high in Kenya relative to other African nations, undervaccinated children remain, making it important to identify characteristics of these children and their caregivers. Potentially relevant but understudied factors are women's empowerment and early marriage. Women who marry older and have more autonomous decision-making authority may be better able to ensure their children receive health services, including immunizations.
Elsevier,
Advances in Food Security and Sustainability, Volume 5, 2020, Pages 53-117
This book chapter discusses how new policies are needed to reorient the food system so that it prioritizes smallholder communities, with a renewed focus on the needs and aspirations of women, advancing SDG 2 ad SDG 5.
