Microalgae as a biostimulant for sustainable agriculture

Microalgae, with their remarkable potential as biostimulants, have captured the interest of sustainable agriculture. Their ability to recycle nutrients from wastewater, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and CO2, offers a valuable biological system for water management and the production of biomass rich in bioactive compounds. These microorganisms synthesize phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins) that regulate plant growth, from germination to flowering. They are also a source of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, improving plant nutrition and resistance to stress. Their impact on the rhizosphere is crucial: microalgae metabolites promote a beneficial microbiota, optimizing nutrient absorption and protecting against pathogens. Applied via foliar or root application, they boost the vigor and productivity of various crops. This analysis highlights the role of microalgae biomass as an input for resilient and eco-friendly agriculture.