Sustainable green nanotechnology has recently emerged as a multidisciplinary field focused on developing simple, non-hazardous, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly methods that offer significant benefits to various industries and applications. Nanomaterials possess unique properties due to their small size and high surface area, which can increase reactivity and potential harm contrasted to bulk materials. Hence, it is crucial to develop sustainable nanotechnology approaches that minimize risks to humans and the environment. This chapter highlights the benefits of sustainable nanotechnology, the obstacles and possibilities in the field, and the ethical and regulatory considerations related to it. Furthermore, it discusses the current state of research and development, highlighting numerous sustainable nanotechnology methods, such as using biodegradable materials and eco-friendly synthesis methods. The chapter also analyzes the role of plants, yeast, fungi, bacteria, virus, and algae in the synthesis of metal and metal oxide-based nanomaterials, in addition to arising applications of sustainable nanotechnology.
Elsevier, Sustainable Nanomaterials, 2025, Pages 3-48
