This chapter aligns with several SDG goals. Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being: the chapter discusses the poor health status and health disparities faced by Indigenous populations globally (higher rates of infant mortality, maternal mortality, malnutrition etc.) and advocates for targeted policy responses and improved access to healthcare services. Goal 10: the chapter discusses the social, economic, and political marginalization of Indigenous peoples worldwide, describing how Indigenous communities are often denied self-determination, face ongoing loss of land and resources, and experience systemic discrimination. Goal 15: Life on Land: the chapter discusses the close relationship between the health of Indigenous peoples and the health of their traditional lands and ecosystems. It highlights the importance of biodiversity conservation and the need to recognize the rights of Indigenous communities to their ancestral territories and natural resources.

On 23 December 1994, the United Nations General Assembly decided, in its resolution 49/214, that the International Day

This content addresses SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG-10 (Reduced inequalities), aligns with the World Health Organization’s goal to promote universal health coverage, and aims to help close the health treatment gap that keeps remote, underserved communities from accessing needed quality health services.