This paper contributes to the understanding of metal demand development over time by illustrating the impacts of different aspects of technological change using historical data.
The European Union implemented Ecodesign and Labelling Directives to support the market diffusion of energy efficient products.
As the technologies we use as a society have advanced, so have the materials used in these technologies.
Over the past decade, raw material price spikes have called attention to the supply security of a variety of critical materials, including rhenium, rare earth elements, and helium.
According to the reports on critical raw materials for the EU, a raw material is considered critical if it has a high economic importance to the EU combined with high supply risk.
As the technologies we use as a society have advanced, so have the materials used in these technologies.
Over the past decade, raw material price spikes have called attention to the supply security of a variety of critical materials, including rhenium, rare earth elements, and helium.
Use phase fuel consumption is responsible for the majority of an automobile's life cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
Environmental concerns arising from the over-dredging of sand have led to restrictions on its extraction across India, with direct economic impacts on concrete construction.
