Elsevier, Journal of Vascular Surgery, Volume 81, June 2025
Objective: Historically, the medical profession is a male-dominated field. Although the number of women entering surgical specialties is rising, this increase is not proportionate to the composition of medical school graduates, which are now 50% female. This study aimed to investigate the specialty and gender of practitioners performing common vascular procedures. Methods: Medical claims data was obtained from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
Elsevier, Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, Volume 21, June 2025
Background: Earlier evidence indicated that metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) may adversely affect neonatal outcomes among patients conceiving soon after MBS, but recent studies demonstrated conflicting results, especially for new surgical techniques. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of MBS types and surgery to birth interval on maternal, birth, and nonbirth outcomes in women with severe obesity. Setting: New York State's all-payer hospital discharge database (2008-2019).
Elsevier, International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, Volume 81, June 2025
Despite improvements in legislation and many countries adopting legal frameworks that advocate for women's rights, violence against women (VAW) continues to severely threaten women's lives. The agreed conclusions of the 68th session of the Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) emphasize the need for immediate state action to eliminate gender-based violence.
Elsevier, Electoral Studies, Volume 95, June 2025
Do voter and party gender biases differently affect the likelihood that female and male candidates are nominated to and elected from equivalent list positions in national legislative elections? This paper examines the interaction between list position, gender quotas, and voter and party biases in shaping women's electoral success in Indonesia's 2024 legislative election. Using new data on nearly 10K candidates, while voter penalties against female candidates are important, our analysis finds that parties can effectively counteract these biases through strong list placement.
Elsevier, Patterns, Volume 6, 13 June 2025
Gender bias in machine translation (MT) has been studied for over a decade, a time marked by societal, linguistic, and technological shifts. With the early optimism for a quick solution in mind, we review over 100 studies on the topic and uncover a more complex reality—one that resists a simple technical fix. While we identify key trends and advancements, persistent gaps remain. We argue that there is no simple technical solution to bias.
Elsevier,
City and Environment Interactions, 2025, 100214
This study employs high-resolution UAV thermal imagery and machine learning to analyze microscale urban heat patterns in a vulnerable residential neighborhood in Daejeon, South Korea, identifying key factors such as alley width and proximity to rivers that influence thermal vulnerability. By informing targeted heat mitigation strategies in urban regeneration areas, the research supports SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and SDG 13 (Climate Action), advancing the World Population Day goal to �Leave No One Behind� by addressing localized climate risks in densely populated, marginalized urban settings.
Elsevier,
Journal of Mathematical Behavior, Volume 78, June 2025
This article examines the main places and characteristics of mathematics education for girls and young women in primary and secondary schools during the 19th and early 20th century. It looks at, in particular, the mathematical content that pupils learned in these schools and the aims of the teaching they received. It shows how female mathematics teaching differed from its male counterpart by responding to various gender stereotypes referring to the ‘nature’ and social role of women. The article also presents to what extent the girls’ mathematics programs were progressively aligned with those of boys, until they became almost identical from the 1920s onwards.
Elsevier,
Journal of Mathematical Behavior, Volume 78, June 2025
Throughout the 19th century in southern Brazil, as in the whole country, girls received a poorer mathematical education than boys. Historical records of this education are scarce. The first systematic opportunity for girls to progress beyond basic arithmetic was by pursuing training as elementary school teachers. In the 20th century, several movements converged to reduce inequalities: coeducation became standard in primary schools, secondary education was standardized, and both coeducational and girls’ secondary schools expanded rapidly.
Elsevier,
International Journal of Educational Research Open, Volume 8, June 2025
Women's participation in science has been growing throughout history. However, a gender gap in their equity in participation requires pragmatic strategies and public policies that motivate women's opportunities in research. This study aims to analyse the scientific contribution of female Ecuadorian researchers through a diagnosis of the metrics and co-author's criteria for scientific publications to establish strategies oriented toward women's inclusion in Ecuador's research development.
