World Hepatitis Day 2023

World Hepatitis Day takes place every year on 28 July to raise awareness of the global burden of viral hepatitis. To highlight this important disease, Elsevier is proud to host this special collection of book chapters and journal articles which are freely available to download. 

Table of contents

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On the occasion of World Hepatitis Day 2023, this "World We Want" podcast episode focuses on the public health threat of hepatitis and the urgent need to address it to achieve SDG3: Good Health and Well-Being. Here, Márcia Balisciano speaks to Rob Brierley, Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology to understand the ongoing challenges to achieving this goal, including medical, infrastructural, financial, and other roadblocks.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Public Health, Volume 7, February 2022

This Article supports SDG 3 by showing the association between unstable housing (the lack of access to adequate or fixed housing) with HIV and HCV infection among people who inject drugs, finding that a substantial proportion of infections (11.2% of new HCV infections in the study period) and suggesting that the broader social needs of this population, including housing, should be addressed as part of efforts to reduce and eliminate these infections.
Elsevier,

 A History of Vaccines and their Opponents, 2023, Pages 281-292

Two modern vaccines that have elicited significant opposition are those directed against hepatitis B and human papilloma viruses. In the case of hepatitis B, unfounded claims suggest that it can cause the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis. These claims have resulted in multiple lawsuits. In the case of human papilloma virus, that causes a sexually transmitted disease, much of the opposition has centered on the suggestion that it will promote sexual promiscuity in young children.

Elsevier,

Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Volume 22, June 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by showing that an HCV testing (point-of-care) and treatment programme implemented in users of a supervised drug cosumption service in Canada was beneficial, with a large degree of positive testing, testing acceptance, and treatment engagement. The study suggests that on-site point of care testing and treatment for HCV in supervised consumption services is effective in reaching this population
Elsevier,

Oncogenic Viruses, Volume 1: Fundamentals of Oncoviruses, 2023, Pages 5-27

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for between 85% and 90% of primary liver cancers. It has several interesting epidemiological characteristics. Differences in distribution have been noted between geographic regions and ethnic groups but also according to sex and the presence of several risk factors linked to the environment. A variety of risk factors for HCC have been reported, including hepatitis B and C viruses, aflatoxin B1, alcohol consumption, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and hemochromatosis. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a ubiquitous virus with worldwide distribution.

Elsevier,

Annals of Hepatology, Volume 28, Issue 1, 2023, 100764

This article aligns with the SDG goal 3 of Good health and wellbeing, SDG 10 Reduced inequalities, and SDG 12 Responsible consumption and production by proposing Choosing wisely recommendations to help general practitioners adopt a more rational and cost-effective approach to treating patients with viral hepatitis in Brazil and Latin America.
Elsevier,

Plotkin's Vaccines (Eighth Edition), 2023, Pages 443-450

For many years, hepatitis E was thought to be largely restricted to endemic developing countries where hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 1 and 2 are transmitted by contaminated water and cause large epidemics in association with monsoon rains in Asia or during humanitarian crises in Africa. It is now estrablished that hepatitis E is endemic in many developed countries where it is a porcine zoonosis caused by HEV genotypes 3 and 4. HEV is responsible of life-theatening illness in vulnerable populations including pregnant women in developing countries.

Elsevier,

Cardio-Hepatology: Connections Between Hepatic and Cardiovascular Disease, 2023, Pages 123-132

Chronic right-sided heart failure has deleterious effects on many organ systems, and the liver is no exception. Passive hepatic congestion not only can precipitate impaired hepatic synthetic function and hepatic fibrosis, but it can also predispose the liver to more severe acute injury in the setting of circulatory compromise, an entity known as hypoxic hepatitis.

Elsevier,

Oncogenic Viruses, Volume 2: Medical Applications of Viral Oncology Research 2023, Pages 173-189

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus capable of evading immune defense, usually leading to chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The death rate in case of patients suffering from liver cancer associated with hepatitis B oncovirus is on the rise. Thus to effectively reduce the incidence of this disease, vaccination with preventive HBV vaccines is essential, and continuous development of therapeutic vaccines is needed to treat patients with preexisting infection.

Elsevier,

Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Sixth Edition)

2023, Pages 1125-1133.e4

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by providing information on Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Viruses.
Elsevier,

MacSween's Pathology of the Liver (Eighth Edition)

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by providing information on Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).
Elsevier,

MacSween's Pathology of the Liver (Eighth Edition)

2024, Pages 402-447

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by showing the the pathological consequences of infection with hepatotropic viruses.
Elsevier,

Comprehensive Guide to Hepatitis Advances

2023, Pages 137-152

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by presenting the antiviral strategies available to treat viral infections, those used to treat chronic viral hepatitis, and the mechanisms of action of drugs approved or at the developmental stage.
Elsevier,

Comprehensive Guide to Hepatitis Advances

2023, Pages 429-441

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by providing the current knowledge regarding standard therapy and suggestions based on the literature for AIH patients being nonresponders to standard therapy and difficult-to-manage AIH patients to standard therapy.
Elsevier,

Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Volume 22, June 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by using modelling to estimate the impact of immigration on hepatitis B prevalence in the USA, in order to more accurately assess the hepatitis B burden, which might not be accurately measured by national serosurveys. The study found a significantly higher burden of hepatitis B (1.8 million cases), significantly higher than that found in national serosurveys.
Elsevier,

Annals of Hepatology, Volume 28, 1 July 2023

This article aligns with the SDG goal 3 of Good health and wellbeing by creating a nomogram useful for clinical decision making that shows good performance in predicting the 1-year survival rate in patients with HBV-related HCC.
Elsevier,

Ciottone's Disaster Medicine (Third Edition)

2024, Pages 388-392

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by providing a background understanding and framework to aid in the prevention, identification, and control of infectious diseases in disaster zones.
Elsevier,

Fate of Biological Contaminants During Recycling of Organic Wastes

2023, Pages 279-295

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being and Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation by emphasizing the presence of pathogens, particularly virus, in the waste and leachate materials of some landfills, and also on the waste management, awareness, precaution, needed to be considered to overcome the diseases caused by viral particles.
Elsevier,

Smart Nanomaterials to Combat the Spread of Viral Infections

Advanced Strategies for the Prevention of Viral Infections

2023, Pages 97-123

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by discussing the role of multifunctional metal nanoparticles as antiviral therapeutic agents and nanovaccines against different viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis viruses, influenza A virus, herpes simplex virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
. Virus structure (left). The transmission electron microscopic image (right) shows hepatitis B virions. The large round virions are known as Dane particles.
Elsevier,

Viruses (Second Edition)

From Understanding to Investigation

2023, Pages 401-407

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by exploring the human hepatitis B virus (HBV), family Hepadnaviridae, as a highly infectious virus transmitted by blood and body fluids.
Elsevier,

Viral Infections and Antiviral Therapies

2023, Pages 85-98

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by discussing sexually transmitted diseases caused by viruses including genital warts, genital herpes, the human immunodeficiency virus, human T cell lymphotropic virus, and hepatitis A, B, C.
Elsevier,

Comprehensive Guide to Hepatitis Advances

2023, Pages 429-441

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by providing the current knowledge regarding standard therapy and suggestions based on the literature for AIH patients being nonresponders to standard therapy and difficult-to-manage AIH patients to standard therapy.
Elsevier,

Comprehensive Guide to Hepatitis Advances

2023, Pages 137-152

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by presenting the antiviral strategies available to treat viral infections, those used to treat chronic viral hepatitis, and the mechanisms of action of drugs approved or at the developmental stage.
Elsevier,

MacSween's Pathology of the Liver (Eighth Edition)

2024, Pages 402-447

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by showing the the pathological consequences of infection with hepatotropic viruses.
Elsevier,

MacSween's Pathology of the Liver (Eighth Edition)

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by providing information on Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).
Elsevier,

Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Sixth Edition)

2023, Pages 1125-1133.e4

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by providing information on Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Viruses.
Elsevier,

Advances in Epidemiological Modeling and Control of Viruses 

2023, Pages 29-54

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by formulating an epidemiological mathematical model that demonstrates the transmission of the hepatitis B virus for use in research.
Elsevier,

Plotkin's Vaccines (Eighth Edition)
2023, Pages 389-432.e21

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by examining current hepatitis B vaccines as a solution toward the elimiation of HBV as a public health treat.
Elsevier,

Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Sixth Edition)
2023, Pages 1237-1243.e3

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by discussing the pathogens, epidemiology, clniical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment and prevention of Hepatitis A.
Elsevier,

Viruses (Second Edition)
From Understanding to Investigation
2023, Pages 297-300

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by exploring the important human pathogen HDV.
Elsevier,

Oncogenic Viruses
Volume 1: Fundamentals of Oncoviruses
2023, Pages 243-262

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by exploring the long-term surveillance of the infected patient to help aid in understanding the connection between HCV and HCC and its related complications.
Elsevier,

Essential Human Virology (Second Edition)
2023, Pages 231-253

This content supports the SDG Goal 3: Good health and well-being by discussing the clinical aspects, epidemiology, and molecular virology of the major hepatitis viruses.
Elsevier,

eClinicalMedicine, Volume 56, February 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by assessing the incidence of HCV infection among people with HIV, during different periods statified by level of access to direct-acting antiviral therapy for HCV. Broader access to this treatment was associated, through a "treatment as prevention" effect, with lower incidence of HCV infection - approximately 50% lower in the period of broad access to the treatment compared with the period before access to the treatment.
Elsevier,

Annals of Hepatology, Volume 27, 1 November 2022

This article aligns with the SDG goal 3 of Good health and wellbeing and SDG 10 Reduced inequalities by highlighting the importance of hepatitis C virus testing among high-risk population groups such as people living with HIV and intravenous drug users.
Elsevier,

Annals of Hepatology, Volume 28, 1 March 2023

This article aligns with the SDG goal 3 of Good health and wellbeing and SDG 10 Reduced inequalities  by highlighting opportunities to leverage real data to better understand the outcomes of direct-acting antiviral treatment in smaller, discrete subgroups of HCV-infected patients that cannot be comprehensively evaluated in clinical trials.
Elsevier,

Annals of Hepatology, Volume 28, 1 May 2023

This article aligns with the SDG goal 3 of Good health and wellbeing and SDG 10 Reduced inequalities by showing that hepatitis C mortality trends in Mexico have started to decrease, but that much remains to be done in terms of prevention, diagnosis and timely access to treatment in this country.
Elsevier,

Annals of Hepatology, Volume 27, 1 July 2022

This article aligns with the SDG goal 3 of Good health and wellbeing by demonstrating that direct-acting antiviral therapy is accompanied by an improvement in the quality of life of patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Elsevier,

Annals of Hepatology, Volume 28, 1 January 2023

This article aligns with the SDG goal 3 of Good health and wellbeing and SDG 10 Reduced inequalities by evidencing that the magnitude of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection increases with the severity of liver disease among chronic hepatitis B patients in Ethiopia.
Elsevier,

Annals of Hepatology, Volume 28, 1 March 2023

This article aligns with the SDG goal 3 of Good health by showing that hepatitis E superinfection accelerate disease progression and increase long-term mortality in patients with hepatitis B liver cirrhosis
Elsevier,

Heliyon, Volume 6, July 2020

This paper investigates mutations in the S protein that can potentially decrease the effect of hepatitis B vaccination in vaccine recipients.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Volume 19, August 2022

This Article supports SDG 3 by analysing two vaccination strategies for hepatitis A outbreaks in men who have sex with men: pre-emptive (before an outbreak occurs) and reactive (once an outbreak has started). The study shows that both strategies can be cost-saving, but pre-emptive vaccination can save more money, suggesting that a pre-emptive strategy should be the first choice, and reactive used if the pre-emptive vaccination fails to prevent the outbreak.
Elsevier, Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, Volume 72, February 2023
Despite being a relatively new addition to the Omics' landscape, lipidomics is increasingly being recognized as an important tool for the identification of druggable targets and biochemical markers. In this review we present recent advances of lipid analysis in drug discovery and development. We cover current state of the art technologies which are constantly evolving to meet demands in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. A careful selection of important examples is then provided, illustrating the versatility of lipidomics analysis in the drug discovery and development process.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Volume 7, Issue 8, 2022, Pages 724-735

This Article supports SDG 3 by evaluating the prevalence of viral hepatitis among patients cirrhosis. Globally, the prevalence rates were 42% for HBV and 21% for HCV, with variation by region. The data in this study will help with resource allocation for viral hepatitis.
Elsevier,

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, Volume 70, 2022, 102172, ISSN 1367-5931

Discusses progress in the use of toll-like receptors to combat disease and promote SGD 3 Good health.
Elsevier,

Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Volume 28, July 2022

In this relatively large cohort of allogeneic HCT recipients at risk for HBV reactivation, authors demonstrated that HBV vaccination with at least 2 doses of recombinant vaccine starting 1 year after transplantation is independently associated with a reduced risk for HBV reactivation and appears to be durable for years. Furthermore, authors confirmed that that HBV reactivation is a late complication of HCT, occurring at a median of 21 months after transplantation. Finally, authors confirmed that recipient HBsAb concentration above the threshold of protection (10 IU/L) before transplantation is independently associated with a reduced risk of reactivation after transplantation.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Volume 16, November 2021

This paper supports SDG 3 by investigating changes in the clinical care cascade of chronic hepatitis B in Beijing; the results indicate that further efforts are needed to scale up testing, linkage to care, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B not only in Beijing but across China, to achieve the goal of elimination hepatitis B virus by 2030.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Global Health, Volume 10, April 2022

This Article supports SDG 3 by describing the prevalence of HBV infection among children who received hepatitis B vaccination at birth. Prevalence was lowest in those who received vaccination within 24 hours of birth, although there was still substantial risk of infection even with timely vaccination.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Global Health, Volume 9, November 2021

This Article supports SDG 3 by showing, through a study done at two maternity centres in Kinshasa, that a strategy of screening and treating pregnant women for HBV infection, as well as birth-dose vaccination of infants exposed to HBV, is feasible in low-resource settings and potentially effective in preventing breakthrough mother-to-child HBV transmission.
Elsevier,

eBioMedicine, Volume 79, May 2022

This Article supports SDG 3 by describing a causal association between HBV infection and extrahepatic cancers in individuals of East Asian ancestry, suggesting this may have implications for cancer screening in patients with chronic HBV infection.
Elsevier,

Genomics, Volume 115, March 2023

WGS data revealed that herpesvirus/anelloviruses are naturally found in European populations. This represents the first comprehensive research on the plasma virome of pregnant Turkish women.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Volume , 2023

This Article supports SGD 3 by describing a project in Vietnam whereby people who inject drugs were recruited via respondent-based sampling, tested for HCV, then, if positive, supported by community-based organisations through HCV care and counselling. Among those with HCV infection, 66.4% remained were cured and remained free of HCV at 1 year.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Volume , 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by describing a cost-effectiveness analysis of point-of-care HCV testing compared with standard of care (laboratory-based testing) in particular settings with people at risk of HCV infection (prisons, needle and syringe programme, drug treatment clinics). It found that all point-of-care testing strategies assessed had a lower cost per treatment initiation than standard of care regardless of setting of HCV antibody prevalence.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Volume 8, July 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by analysing peripartum antiviral prophylaxis for hepatitis B in 110 countries, finding that it could be beneficial in averting both neonatal hepatitis B infections and DALYS, and that it might be cost-effective depending on how it is implemented and the associated diagnostic costs.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Volume 8, June 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by assessing the incidence of HIV and HCV infection among people who inject drugs, a population at higher risk of these infections. In this systematic review, HCV estimates came from studies in 24 countries. Pooled HCV incidence was 12.1 per 100 person-years; data for both infections were scarce, suggesting increased efforts are needed to keep track of these infections in this population.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Volume 8, March 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by providing the first systematic review on uptake of testing and treatment and turnaround times to treatment initiation with point-of-care HCV testing versus standard laboratory testing, finding improvements on both fronts; this is reflected in new WHO recommendations on adoption of point-of-care HCV testing as an alternative to laboratory-based tests.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Volume 7, October 2022

This Article supports SDG 3 by examining the prevalence of occult HBV infection (HbSAg negative, HBV DNA positive) through a review including 305 studies. The prevalence was noted to be substantial in some populations (high-risk groups) and high-endemicity countries, necessitating improved access to HBV DNA testing.
Elsevier,

Heliyon, Volume 4, March 2018

Interesting paper that demonstrates the significant advantages of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) compared to other methods such as serological tests and PCR to detect the hepatitis B virus. LAMP assay provided significant amplification time of less than 15 minutes compared with over 1 hour for PCR.
Elsevier,

Heliyon, Volume 5, April 2019

This paper highlights a rea case of hepatitis infection with HBV genotype D, with the purpose to investigate the molecular characteristics of a rare HBV subgenotype D4 isolate.
Elsevier,

Heliyon, Volume 7, August 2021

Interesting paper on looking at the history of self-reported HCV testing used in Florida, a state with one of the highest HIV prevalence.
Elsevier,

Heliyon, Volume 5, July 2019

This paper assesses the role of hepatitis B and hepatitis C on chronic liver disease according to age, gender and ethnicity.
Elsevier,

Heliyon, Volume 8, November 2022

A good review article that looks at the role of vitamin D on the function in the immune system and the signalling pathway of hepatitis B virus.
Elsevier,

Heliyon, Volume 6, April 2020

Interesting paper that compared prognostic factors such as remission, complications, and relapse rate of type 1 hepatitis patients being treated with prednisolone monotherapy and those treated using prednisolone in combination with azathioprine.
Elsevier,

eClinicalMedicine, Volume 49, July 2022

This Article supports SDG 3 by describing the association between low economic status and increased prevalence of hepatis B in China and calls for targeted interventions that could reduce this prevalence among poorer populations.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Public Health, Volume 7, February 2022

The Comment, linked to the above Article on unstable housing, contributes to SDG 3 by calling for a 100-100-100 target: "stably housing 100% of PWID who are unstably housed, providing 100% of PWID access to consistent and adequate harm reduction services, and offering treatment to 100% of PWID who want substance use treatment". Such a target would be in important part of HIV and HCV elimination efforts.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Public Health, Volume 7, July 2022

This Comment supports SDG 3 by highlighting the important of hepatitis C prevention, treatment, and risk reduction in prisons, calling for measures such as increased availability of point-of-care testing, direct-acting antiviral therapy, and education around HCV in carceral settings, as well as increased funding to support such measures.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Public Health, Volume 8, April 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by analysing several cohorts of people with HIV/HCV co-infection across 6 high-income countries, and identifying that a substantial proportion had not commenced direct-acting antiviral treatment for HCV infection despite unrestricted access. Factors associated with commencement or lack thereof are explored; for example, people with indicators of low engagement with HIV care (eg, not on antiretroviral therapy) were more likely not to have commenced HCV direct-acting antiviral treatment)
Elsevier,

eClinicalMedicine, Volume 58, April 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by providing the first comprehensive review of the global burden of hepatis B and C in people with tuberculosis, through a systematic review and meta-analysis including 127 studies. The review found a high prevalence of these infections in this patient population, showing the need for routine hepatitis testing at the point of diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Elsevier,

eBioMedicine, Volume 80, June 2022

This Article supports SDG 3 by assessing the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and anti-fibrotic effects of PRI-724 in patients with cirrhosis due to hepatitis B virus and hepatitis B virus, for which there is currently no anti-fibrotic drug therapy available; PRI-724 was well tolerated but further evaluation of its anti-fibrotic effects is warranted.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Volume 30, January 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by estimating the disease burden and establishing a baseline of linkage to care for hepatitis B virus in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, showing the feasibility of a large-scale comprehensive screening and access-to-care program for hepatitis B virus elimination in a low-to middle-income country.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Volume 24, July 2022

This Article supports SDG 3 by estimating the prevalence of hepatitis B, C and D viruses in Vietnam since 1990; findings indicate that hepatitis B virus is by far the biggest contributor to hepatitis-related morbidity and mortality in Vietnam and so and elimination efforts must focus on screening and treatment of pregnant women and improved provision of active and passive immunisation at birth to prevent vertical transmission.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Global Health, Volume 11, May 2023

This Article supports SDG 3 by examining whether birth-dose vaccination, compared with vaccination at 6-8 weeks or no vaccination, is effective in preventing horizonal transmission of HBV in children aged 0-5 years of uninfected mothers.
Elsevier,

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific, Volume 16, November 2021

This Article supports SDG 3 by assessing the prevalence of HBV infection among pregnant women in China. The prevalence was 6.17% (HbSAg positive), with regional disparities and an overall decline over the study period of 2015 to 2020.
Elsevier,

iLIVER, Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2022, Pages 117-121

This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with HEV-induced hemolytic anemia, finding a strong association with G6PD deficiency. Vaccinating individuals with G6PD deficiency is crucial to reduce the risk of this condition, aligning with the goal of ensuring good health and well-being for patients with hepatitis
Elsevier,

iLIVER, Volume 1, Issue 2, June 2022, Pages 139-140

The emergence of monkeypox as a zoonotic disease and its potential spread among specific communities raises concerns for public health. The link between monkeypox and viral hepatitis, including the risk of coinfection and impact on liver function, is an important area of research for combating hepatitis.
Elsevier,

iLIVER, Volume 1, Issue 3, September 2022, Pages 141-144

This study found a high prevalence of hepatitis C among patients on chronic hemodialysis in Lima, Peru. The results emphasize the need for interventions to reduce disease progression and improve treatment for these patients.
Elsevier,

iLIVER, Volume 1, Issue 3, September 2022, Pages 145-153

Treatment with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) was found to be effective in reducing the occurrence of liver cancer and disease progression in patients with chronic hepatitis B. The treatment also achieved significant viral suppression and improvement in liver fibrosis. This offers hope for individuals with chronic hepatitis B who are at risk of developing liver cancer.
Elsevier,

iLIVER, Volume 1, Issue 4, December 2022, Pages 235-236

This article highlights the outbreak of hepatitis among children in the United States and the importance of prevention measures in Africa. It emphasizes the need for Africa to strengthen its healthcare systems to protect children and address infectious diseases.