Oceans & Seas

Oceans and seas play a vital role in the context of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as they significantly contribute to the Earth's biosphere's health and the global economy. They are critical to sustaining life on earth, acting as a major source of food and oxygen while also serving as natural carbon sinks that mitigate climate change impacts. SDG 14, "Life Below Water," explicitly acknowledges the importance of conservation and the sustainable use of the world's oceans, seas, and marine resources.

Oceans absorb about 30% of carbon dioxide produced by humans, buffering the impacts of global warming. However, this process has implications such as ocean acidification, negatively impacting marine biodiversity and ecosystems. These impacts, coupled with unsustainable fishing practices and pollution, threaten the health of our oceans and seas. SDG 14 sets targets to prevent and reduce marine pollution of all kinds, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems, and regulate harvesting and end overfishing to restore fish stocks to sustainable levels.

Oceans also support economic wellbeing. Over three billion people depend on marine and coastal biodiversity for their livelihoods. By protecting oceanic ecosystems, the SDGs also support SDG 1, "No Poverty," and SDG 8, "Decent Work and Economic Growth." Furthermore, the oceanic routes are critical for global trade, supporting SDG 9, "Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure."

Furthermore, by implementing strategies for cleaner and more sustainable use of oceans and seas, it can also contribute to SDG 13, "Climate Action." For instance, developing and implementing new technologies to harness energy from waves and tides can promote renewable energy usage and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, aligning with SDG 7, "Affordable and Clean Energy."

This paper show the mathematical and theoretical background of the machine learning algorithm used in this work, the LSTM. The data used are described and the methodology of framework is presented. It shows the predictions results based on LSTM and comparisons with ERA5 and buoy observations.
This paper based on three implemented Regional Climate Models (RCMs), namely CMCC-CCLM, CNRM-ALADIN52, and GUF-CCLM-NEMO, for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios of the 21st century. Atmospheric modelling datasets cover the Reference (1971–2000) and Future (2071–2100) Periods of climate projections. The results produced within this study can be used for investigations in specific locations of the Mediterranean basin within integrated hydrologic/hydrodynamic modelling under projected climate change conditions during the 21st century.
This study shows downscaled climate projections that, without strong curbing of emissions, the California Current System (CCS) will undergo significant change this century, including 2–4 °C warming of sea surface temperature and an almost ubiquitous shift to novel conditions
This study provides new insight into the evolution of influx assessment employing concurrent sampling in large-sized rivers.
Garbage patch with seagulls above
ICIS, a RELX business, analyses the complex problem plastics, recycling, and disposal, relating to SDG 12, Sustainable Consumption and Production. They believe the solution is likely to involve improving recycling infrastructures; designing new, more sustainable plastics; designing products with an end-of-life plan; finding new ways to degrade plastics – such as plastic-eating mealworms and microbes; and diversifying the raw materials that make plastics to plant-based alternatives. 
This paper provides first assessment of nutrient contents in whale faeces prior to their dissolution in seawater, which has overcome the challenges associated with getting reliable estimations of elemental nutrients from whale faeces. By combining measured faecal nutrient concentrations with the best available prey-consumption and prey-assimilation estimates, we calculated the expected contribution of minke whale faeces to nutrient pools in surface waters during summer.
Elsevier,

Wind Energy Engineering: A Handbook for Onshore and Offshore Wind Turbines, Volume , 1 January 2023

This chapter supports UN SDGs 7 and 13 by studying the impact of climate change on offshore wind operation, which is a key renewable energy source that will continue to grow as part of the energy transition and climate action.
This chapter aligns with Goal 14: Life Below Water and Goal 3: Good Health and Wellbeing by highlighting some of the many beneficial pharmaceutical applications of marine algae bromophenols.
This chapter aligns with Goal 14: Life Below Water and Goal 15: Life on Land by describing the global tectonic processes that form mid-ocean ridges and critical seafloor habitat.
This article focuses on a key industry in ocean governance - tuna fishery - to examine how companies and governments relationship in international fishery negotiations can influence the governance of tuna fishery industry.

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