![Developing a circular agriculture based on the production of black soldier flies (BSF) as feed and using the BSF waste stream as biofertilizer can support poverty alleviation, food security, economic integration, sustainable communities in rural areas](https://sdgresources.relx.com/sites/default/files/styles/sus_content_listing_image/public/1-s2.0-s2214574520300754-gr2_lrg.jpg?itok=eCgP36FX)
Insects such as the black soldier fly (BSF) are a nutritious feed component for livestock with high protein levels. BSF can be reared on a wide range of organic residual streams.
Global climate change and land degradation are two grand changes facing humanity. In this perspective, we examine how degraded and abandoned farmland can be harnessed to fight climate change.
The new 2030 sustainable development agenda is likely to dominate policy and academic debates at both national and international levels over next 15 years and beyond.