Articles

Introduction: Clitoral reconstruction (CR) is a controversial surgical procedure performed for women who have undergone medically unnecessary, often ritualistic genital cutting involving the clitoris. Such cutting is known by several terms; we will use female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C). Treatments offered to women affected by complications of FGM/C include defibulation (releasing the scar of infibulation to allow penetrative intercourse, urinary flow, physiological delivery, and menstruation) and CR to decrease pain, improve sexual response, and create a pre-FGM/C genital appearance.

This study indicates that croplands have a large potential to sequester Carbon through implementing better land use management practices, which may partially offset soil organic carbon loss caused by climate change.

Mitochondria regulates the Cell Danger Response (CDR) by monitoring and responding to the physical, chemical, and microbial conditions within and around the cell. In this way, mitochondria connect cellular health to environmental health. This Perspective discusses the links between mitochondria and health in the context of negative human activities and highlights a call for a new constitutional amendment to invest each citizen with a new right: the right to be born and live in an environment that does not cause chronic disease. Readers can learn more at http://naviauxlab.ucsd.edu/the-28th-amendment-project/.

Aims: To determine the pooled effectiveness of multidiscipinary care teams (MCTs) in reducing major amputation rates in adults with diabetes. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed, searching databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov thru October 2018. We included only before-after studies comparing amputation rates before and after the implementation of a MCT for the prevention of major amputation in adults with diabetes. Our primary outcome was relative risk of major amputation.