Africa

In this chapter, interesting research progress on nanoclay-based materials for energy storage and conversion applications is discussed. Some of the notable advantages of using this class of materials for electrochemical applications include its availability, low cost, porous structures, hydrophilic nature, high specific surface, high thermal stability, mechanical stability, and good ionic conductivity. The discussion speculates that the field can be potentially employed in fabricating inexpensive, scalable, application-specific nanoclay-based materials for advanced energy applications.

This chapter aligns with UN SDG goals 11 by discussing how smart cities can influence health determinants and quality of life in sustainable communities.

Crowdfunding has emerged as a viable tool in the alternative finance industry to complement financing for projects where government and bank investments have been unable to cover including in renewable energy.

Effective credit distribution is critical to achieving agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa.