Smart Cities and Sustainable Manufacturing, Chapter 12: Algal biodiesel production for its utility as a third-generation fuel

Algal biodiesels have emerged as a promising renewable energy source with numerous advantages over conventional fossil fuels. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of diverse production processes, drawbacks, and benefits of the algal biofuel production process while also critically assessing the potential gaps in the field. With a plethora of advantages like cost-effectiveness, nutrient cycling, yield benefits, sustainability, and versatility required for commercial usage, several challenges are yet to be addressed for effective implementation. Novel research in aspects like enhanced lipid production, strain selection; needs to be further evaluated to make it accessible with uniformity. This paper highlights the methods and elements as well as create a novel structural framework of factors that can contribute toward scaling up algal biofuel production, thus upholding the goal of a cleaner, and greener sustainable future at the forefront.