Elsevier, Cold Fusion: Advances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, Volume , 14 January 2020
Long-term electrolysis with a thick Pd electrode in 0.1. M LiOD was performed. Some techniques to conduct clean and stable electrolysis are described. The surface morphology of postelectrolysis Pd electrodes was analyzed: it consisted of holes and two long faults without any crack. To understand the evolution of the morphology, the physicochemical properties of hydrated Pd have been studied by in situ potentiometric, resistance, and dilatometric measurements. The results of microstructural changes were further analyzed with reference to knowledge of hydrogen embrittlement.
Elsevier, Animal Feed Science and Technology, Volume 259, January 2020
Nitrate and lipids have been recognized as effective dietary additives to reduce enteric methane (CH4) production. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of nitrate (NO3¯) and canola oil, alone or in combination, on enteric CH4, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, digesta kinetics and outflow of DM and microbial non-ammonia nitrogen (MicNAN) from the rumen of cattle. Four rumen-cannulated steers were used in the experiment which was designed as 4 × 4 Latin Square with four 21-d periods and four treatments.
Although numbers are still low compared to cattle rearing, intensive dairy goat farms have been widely spreading in the Italian livestock systems. Since goats are quite rustic, they can easily adapt to different management practices; however, improving the efficiency can make the difference, both in productivity and on the environmental impact attributed to goat milk production. In the present study, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach was used to quantify the potential environmental impact of goat milk production system in 17 farms in Lombardy (Northern Italy).
A cationic chelating polymer, namely biopolymer chitosan CHI with a molecular weight of 117 kDa is employed in the present study to bring about the retention of azoic dyes from its aqueous solutions by way of polymer enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF). The effects of process parameters, namely, operating time, CHI and sodium chloride concentrations, transmembrane pressure, and pH of solution on the retention rate and permeate flux were examined.
The cost-effectiveness and reliability of waste collection services in informal settlements can be difficult to optimize given the geospatial and temporal variability of latrine use. Daily servicing to avoid overflow events is inefficient, but dynamic scheduling of latrine servicing could reduce costs by providing just-in-time servicing for latrines. This study used cellular-connected motion sensors and machine learning to dynamically predict when daily latrine servicing could be skipped with a low risk of overflow.
Elsevier, Environment International, Volume 134, January 2020
Background: Car-dependent city planning has resulted in high levels of environmental pollution, sedentary lifestyles and increased vulnerability to the effects of climate change. The Barcelona Superblock model is an innovative urban and transport planning strategy that aims to reclaim public space for people, reduce motorized transport, promote sustainable mobility and active lifestyles, provide urban greening and mitigate effects of climate change. We estimated the health impacts of implementing this urban model across Barcelona.
Elsevier, One Earth, Volume 2, 24 January 2020
Does humanity's future lie in the ocean? As demand for resources continues to grow and land-based sources decline, expectations for the ocean as an engine of human development are increasing. Claiming marine resources and space is not new to humanity, but the extent, intensity, and diversity of today's aspirations are unprecedented. We describe this as the blue acceleration—a race among diverse and often competing interests for ocean food, material, and space.
Elsevier, One Earth, Volume 2, 24 January 2020
The unprecedented global heatwave of 2014–2017 was a defining event for many ecosystems. Widespread degradation caused by coral bleaching, for example, highlighted the vulnerability of hundreds of millions of people dependent on reefs for their livelihoods, well-being, and food security. Scientists and policy makers are now reassessing long-held assumptions about coping with anthropogenic climate change, particularly the assumption that strong local institutions can maintain ecological and social resilience through ecosystem-based management, adaptation, and restoration.
Elsevier, One Earth, Volume 2, 24 January 2020
Biodiversity is in rapid decline, largely driven by habitat loss and degradation. Protected area establishment and management are widely used to maintain habitats and species in perpetuity. Protected area extent has increased rapidly in recent years with area-based targets set within international conservation agreements such as the Convention on Biological Diversity's Aichi Target 11.
